The review of the literature is devoted to the classification, epidemiology, clinical presentation and radiological findings of fibrous dysplasia of the skeleton. fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign process of the skeleton that develops in childhood. The clinical presentation of FD is largely determined by the lesion localization and its extent in the skeleton. Small size fibrous dysplasia may be asymptomatic and revealed as an accidental finding. In some cases radiological presentation of FD is similar to benign bone tumors resulting in difficulties of the differential diagnosis of these processes.