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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Саркомы костей, мягких тканей и опухоли кожи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4614</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-3687</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">553</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2782-3687-2021-13-4-39-47</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REAL CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative analysis of the CYP2D6 metabolic activity and its effect on its effect on the treatment results of primary breast cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ метаболической активности CYP2D6 и его влияния на результаты лечения первично операбельного рака молочной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mekhtieva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мехтиева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="AZ">Azerbaijan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>oncology department Azerbaijan Medical University</p>
<p>208 Samad Vurgun St., Baku AZ 1022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра онкологии Азербайджанского медицинского университета</p>
<p>AZ 1022 Баку, ул. Самеда Вургуна, 208</p></bio><email>info@abvpress.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-3589</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubchenko</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любченко</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2<sup>nd </sup>Botkinsky Dr., Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio><email>info@abvpress.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7141-2502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zikiryakhodzhaev</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зикиряходжаев</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2<sup>nd </sup>Botkinsky Dr., Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio><email>info@abvpress.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4141-8414</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Starkova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старкова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marianna Valentinovna Starkova</p>
<p>3 2<sup>nd </sup>Botkinsky Dr., Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марианна Валентиновна Старкова</p>
<p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio><email>mariannastarkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Oncology Clinic of Azerbaijan Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Онкологическая клиника Азербайджанского медицинского университета</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiology Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Mekhtieva N.I., Lyubchenko L.N., Zikiryakhodzhaev A.D., Starkova M.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Мехтиева Н.И., Любченко Л.Н., Зикиряходжаев А.Д., Старкова М.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mekhtieva N.I., Lyubchenko L.N., Zikiryakhodzhaev A.D., Starkova M.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мехтиева Н.И., Любченко Л.Н., Зикиряходжаев А.Д., Старкова М.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sarbon.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/553">https://sarbon.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/553</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Standard treatment for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer includes long-term hormone therapy. However, treatment efficacy varies even in homogeneous groups of patients. Tamoxifen is metabolized in the liver, resulting in the production of endoxifen, its active metabolite. Cytochromes P450 (CYP2D6, etc.) play a major role in converting tamoxifen to endoxifen. The <italic>CYP2D6</italic> gene is extremely polymorphic and has more than 100 alleles that can encode normal, high, and low metabolic activity or be inactive. Thus, patients can be divided into three groups according to the presence or absence of <italic>CYP2D6</italic> gene polymorphisms, namely slow, intermediate, and rapid metabolizers. </p> <p><bold>Objective</bold> – to analyze the long-term results of complex treatment of patients with early breast cancer depending on the variability of the polymorphism of the <italic>CYP2D6</italic> gene. </p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> We analyzed the frequency of 3 main polymorphisms in the <italic>CYP2D6</italic> gene among 89 patients with hormone receptor-positive stage I–II breast cancer who received tamoxifen at a dose of 20 mg/day as adjuvant hormone therapy for 6 months to 9 years. Homozygous carriers of wild-type<italic> CYP2D6 </italic>allele were assigned to the group of patients with unchanged (normal) metabolism (Group 1) (wt<italic> CYP2D6</italic>) (<italic>n</italic> = 64), whereas homozygous and heterozygous carriers of non-functional <italic>CYP2D6 </italic>alleles were included into the group of patients with slow metabolism (Group 2) (<italic>n </italic>= 25). </p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Disease progression was observed in 21 (23.6 %) patients with primary operable hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, including 10 women from Group 1 (15.6 %) and 11 women from Group 2 (44 %); the difference between them was statistically significant (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.05). Disease progression after combination therapy without chemotherapy was registered in 8 (22.9 %) patients, including 2 (5.8 %) patients with normal metabolism and 6 patients (17.1 %) with slow metabolism (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0.05). Ten-year relapse-free survival rate was 85.9 % in Group 1 and 63.6 % in Group 2 (<italic>р</italic> = 0.02). We found no significant difference in overall survival rates between the two groups, which confirmed the results of other studies. </p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The assessment of metabolic activity and its impact on the efficacy of combination treatment for breast cancer is a promising method; however, it requires further research in this area.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Стандартом лечения гормонпозитивного рака молочной железы является длительная гормональная терапия. Однако эффективность лечения даже в однородных группах пациентов различна. Метаболизм тамоксифена осуществляется в печени, в результате чего образуется его активный метаболит – эндоксифен. Ферменты цитохрома P450 (CYP2D6 и др.) играют основную роль в преобразовании тамоксифена. CYP2D6 крайне полиморфичен и имеет более 100 аллелей, которые могут кодировать нормальную, высокую и низкую метаболическую активность или быть неактивными. Таким образом, в зависимости от наличия или отсутствия полиморфизма в данном гене пациентов разделяют на 3 типа: распространенные, медленные и сверхактивные метаболайзеры. </p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– анализ отдаленных результатов комплексного лечения больных ранним раком молочной железы в зависимости от вариабельности полиморфизма гена<italic> CYP2D6</italic>. </p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследовании проанализирована частота распространения 3 основных типов полиморфизма гена <italic>CYP2D6 </italic>у 89 больных с гормонпозитивным раком молочной железы I–IIВ стадии, принимавших в качестве адъювантной гормональной терапии тамоксифен в дозе 20 мг/сут от 6 мес до 9 лет. Носители гомозиготного дикого аллеля гена <italic>CYP2D6 </italic>были объединены в группу пациентов с неизмененным (нормальным) метаболизмом (1-я группа) (wt<italic> CYP2D6</italic>) (<italic>n </italic>= 64), а носители нефункциональных аллелей гена <italic>CYP2D6 </italic>в гомо- и гетерозиготном состояниях – в группу пациентов с медленным метаболизмом (2-я группа) (<italic>n </italic>= 25). </p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Прогрессирование заболевания у больных с первично операбельным гормонпозитивным раком молочной железы наблюдалось у 21 (23,6 %) больной: у 10 (15,6 %) – 1-й группы и у 11 (44 %) – 2-й группы; различия статистически достоверны (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,05). Прогрессирование заболевания после комбинированного лечения без применения химиотерапии отмечено у 8 (22,9 %) пациентов: у 2 (5,8 %) – с нормальным метаболизмом и у 6 (17,1 %) – с медленным метаболизмом (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,05). Десятилетняя безрецидивная выживаемость первично операбельного рака молочной железы в 1-й группе составила 85,9 %, а во 2-й – 63,6 % (<italic>р</italic> = 0,02). Мы не нашли различий в показателях общей выживаемости между 2 группами, что подтверждает результаты других исследований. </p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Оценка скорости метаболизма и его влияния на эффективность комплексного, комбинирования лечения больных раком молочной железы является перспективным направлением, но необходимы дальнейшие исследования в этой области.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>genetics</kwd><kwd>CYP2D6</kwd><kwd>metabolism</kwd><kwd>hormone therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>генетика</kwd><kwd>CYP2D6</kwd><kwd>метаболизм</kwd><kwd>гормональная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The state of oncological care to the population of Russia in 2020. Ed. by A.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinsky, A.O. Shakhzadova. Moscow: P.A. 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