Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skinBone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skinСаркомы костей, мягких тканей и опухоли кожи2219-46142782-3687Publishing House ABV Press62710.17650/2219-4614-2023-15-4-11-18REVIEWSОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИAtrial fibrillation and malignant neoplasms: state of the problemФибрилляция предсердий и злокачественные новообразования: состояние проблемыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5438-3965KostinV. S.КостинВ. С.
Russian Federation

Vladislav Sergeevich Kostin

24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522

Владислав Сергеевич Костин

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

kostin071@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1723-0780TsyrenovD. D.ЦыреновД. Д.
Russian Federation

24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522

115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the RussiaФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России1812202315411181612202316122023Copyright ©; 2023, Kostin V.S., Tsyrenov D.D.Copyright ©; 2023, Костин В.С., Цыренов Д.Д.2023Kostin V.S., Tsyrenov D.D.Костин В.С., Цыренов Д.Д.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://sarbon.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/627

Patients with malignant neoplasms have an increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Prevalence of this pathology among oncological patients is 20–30 %, and it significantly varies depending on tumor type, chemotherapy treatment and initial comorbid status. Atrial fibrillation and malignant neoplasms have similar risk factors. Researchers have identified several possible causes characteristic of these diseases, primarily, systemic inflammation. Some chemotherapies cause abnormalities in ionic channels of atrial cardiomyocytes which leads to changes in the action potential and refractory period, which promote maintenance of atrial fibrillation. The most known groups of chemotherapy drugs associated with atrial fibrillation are alkylating agents (cisplatin, cyclophosphamide), anthracyclines used in sarcoma treatment, as well as anti-HER2 drugs (HER2 – human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), antimetabolites (capecitabine, 5-fluorouracil) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, pathophysiological mechanisms linking together atrial fibrillation and malignant neoplasms require further study.

У пациентов со злокачественными новообразованиями повышен риск развития фибрилляции предсердий. Распространенность данной патологии среди онкологических больных достигает 20–30 % и существенно варьирует в зависимости от вида опухоли, химиотерапевтического лечения и исходного коморбидного статуса. Фибрилляция предсердий и злокачественные новообразования имеют схожие факторы риска. Исследователи выделяют ряд возможных причин, характерных для этих заболеваний, в первую очередь системное воспаление. Некоторые химиотерапевтические препараты вызывают нарушения в ионных каналах кардиомиоцитов предсердий, что приводит к изменению потенциала действия и рефрактерного периода, способствует поддержанию фибрилляции предсердий. Наиболее известными группами химиотерапевтических лекарственных средств, ассоциированными с возникновением фибрилляции предсердий, являются алкилирующие агенты (цисплатин, циклофосфамид), антрациклины, применяемые при лечении сарком, а также анти-HER2-препараты (HER2 – human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, рецептор эпидермального фактора роста, тип 2), антиметаболиты (капецитабин, 5-фторурацил) и ингибиторы тирозинкиназы. Вместе с тем патофизиологические механизмы, объединяющие фибрилляцию предсердий и злокачественные новообразования, требуют дальнейшего изучения.

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