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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Саркомы костей, мягких тканей и опухоли кожи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4614</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-3687</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">687</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2219-4614-2024-16-3-61-70</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TUMORS OF THE SKIN</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПУХОЛИ КОЖИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">. Prevalence and prognostic mutation V600E in the <italic>BRAF</italic> gene in stage I cutaneous melanoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Распространенность и прогностическая значимость мутации V600E в гене <italic>ВRAF</italic> при меланоме кожи I стадии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-9136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>5 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284; 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5; 117198 Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4436-8101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Margarita Viktorovna Sorokina </bold></p><p><italic>5 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Маргарита Викторовна Сорокина</bold> </p><p><italic>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинскийпр-д, 5</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8391-1210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grekov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Греков</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>5 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284; Bld. 1, 2/1 Barricadnaya St., Moscow 125993</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинскийпр-д, 5; </italic><italic>125993 Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-1281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>5 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284; Bld. 1, 2/1 Barricadnaya St., Moscow 125993</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинскийпр-д, 5; </italic><italic>125993 Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S.P. Botkin Moscow Multidisciplinary Scientific and Clinical Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Peoples’ Friendship University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-09-12"><day>12</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Titov K.S., Sorokina M.V., Grekov D.N., Lebedev S.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Титов К.С., Сорокина М.В., Греков Д.Н., Лебедев С.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Titov K.S., Sorokina M.V., Grekov D.N., Lebedev S.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Титов К.С., Сорокина М.В., Греков Д.Н., Лебедев С.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sarbon.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/687">https://sarbon.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/687</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin tumors, which occurs against the background of malignant transformation and proliferation of melanocytes. Risk factors for the development of cutaneous melanoma are solar radiation and duration of exposure, old age, individual patient characteristics (light skin, a large number of nevi, including atypical ones, family history) and others. Research in recent years shows that this disease is associated with a number of genetic changes, both congenital and acquired.</p><p><bold>Aim. </bold>To study the frequency of occurrence and prognostic significance of the V600E mutation in the <italic>BRAF </italic>gene in stage I skin melanoma.</p><p><bold>M</bold><bold>aterials</bold><bold> </bold><bold>and</bold><bold> </bold><bold>methods.</bold><bold> </bold>The study was retrospective in nature and included 88 patients with stage I cutaneous melanoma (pT1–2aN0M0). All patients underwent a sentinel lymph node biopsy and no metastases were detected in it (pN0). All patients underwent molecular genetic analysis of the tumor to identify the V600E mutation in the <italic>BRAF </italic>gene with further assessment of the effect on the progression of early skin melanoma in cases of its detection.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>The median follow-up time for patients was 32.5 (12–214) months. In 25 (28.4 %) patients of the total sample, the V600E mutation in the <italic>BRAF </italic>gene was detected. Melanoma progression during follow-up occurred in 23.9 % of patients: 44 % with the V600E mutation in the <italic>BRAF </italic>gene and 15.9 % without it (<italic>p </italic>= 0.012). In patients with this mutation, regional metastasis was more often observed, with a predominant localization of distant metastases in the bones. Survival rates were significantly higher in patients without a mutation in the <italic>BRAF </italic>gene: 1-year disease-free survival of patients without a mutation in this gene was 95 %, 3-year – 87%, 5-year – 65 %, in patients with this mutation – 84, 57 and 37 % respectively. According to the results of Cox regression analysis, in the presence of a mutation in the <italic>BRAF </italic>gene, there was an increase in the risk of progression to stage I cutaneous melanoma by 2.973 times (<italic>p </italic>= 0.016).</p><p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The V600E mutation in the <italic>BRAF </italic>gene occurs in 28.4 % of patients with stage I cutaneous melanoma and is an unfavorable prognostic factor for disease progression.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold><bold> </bold>Меланома представляет собой одну из наиболее агрессивных опухолей кожи, которая возникает на фоне злокачественной трансформации и пролиферации меланоцитов. Факторами риска развития меланомы кожи являются солнечное излучение и длительность его воздействия, пожилой возраст, индивидуальные характеристики пациента (светлая кожа, большое количество невусов, в том числе атипичных, отягощенный семейный анамнез) и др. Результаты исследований последних лет показывают, что данное заболевание ассоциировано с рядом генетических изменений как врожденного, так и приобретенного характера.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– изучение частоты встречаемости и прогностической значимости мутации V600E в гене <italic>В</italic><italic>RAF</italic></p><p>при меланоме кожи I стадии.</p><p><bold>Ма</bold><bold>териалы</bold><bold> </bold><bold>и методы. </bold>Исследование носило ретроспективный характер и включало 88 пациентов с меланомой кожи I стадии (рТ1–2aN0M0). Всем пациентам выполнена биопсия сигнального лимфатического узла, метастазов в нем не было выявлено (pN0). Всем больным проведен молекулярно-генетический анализ опухоли на предмет определения мутации V600E в гене <italic>BRAF</italic><italic> </italic>с дальнейшей оценкой влияния на прогрессию ранней меланомы кожи в случаях ее обнаружения.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold><bold> </bold>Медиана времени наблюдения за пациентами составила 32,5 (12–214) мес. У 25 (28,4 %) больных общей выборки выявлена мутация V600E в гене <italic>BRAF</italic><italic>.</italic><italic> </italic>Прогрессия меланомы за время наблюдения возникла у 23,9 % пациентов: у 44 % с мутацией V600E в гене <italic>BRAF</italic><italic> </italic>и у 15,9 % без нее (<italic>р </italic>= 0,012). У пациентов с этой мутацией чаще наблюдалось региональное метастазирование с преимущественной локализацией отдаленных метастазов в костях. Показатели выживаемости были значительно выше у больных без мутации в гене <italic>BRAF</italic>: 1-летняя безрецидивная выживаемость пациентов без мутации в этом гене составила 95 %, 3-летняя – 87 %, 5-летняя – 65 %, у пациентов с данной мутацией – 84, 57 и 37 % соответственно. В соответствии с результатами регрессионного анализа Кокса при наличии мутации в гене <italic>BRAF</italic><italic> </italic>отмечалось увеличение в 2,973 раза риска прогрессии меланомы кожи I стадии (<italic>р</italic><italic> </italic>= 0,016).</p><p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Мутация V600E в гене <italic>BRAF</italic><italic> </italic>встречается у 28,4 % пациентов с меланомой кожи I стадии и является прогностически неблагоприятным фактором прогрессирования заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>melanoma</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd><kwd>V600E mutation</kwd><kwd>prognostic factor</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd><kwd>мутация V600E</kwd><kwd>прогностический фактор</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization. Cancer today. 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