Vol 4, No 3 (2012)

The present study investigated the medical rehabilitation of patients with bones sarcomas following specific therapy. It included stages of the functional and psychological rehabilitation, fertility preservation. At the Federal State Budget Institution «Medical Radiological Research Center» (Obninsk), the functional rehabilitation was carried out in 29 bone cancer patients including 11 (39%) children aged from 11-18 years and 18 (61%) adults aged from 18-69 years. Functional results were determined using the MSTS rating scale. Average values of extremity functional evaluations were 72% after endoprosthetic replacement of the hip joint, 83% after endoprosthetic replacement of the knee joint in patients with a tumor of the distal part of the femur, 76% after replacement of the proximal part of the tibia, 67% after total endoprosthetic replacement of the femur; 83 % after prosthetic reconstruction of the ankle joint, and 80% after reconstructions of the humerus.

Result of combined treatment of 58 patients with locally advanced soft tissue sarcomas with invasion of great vessels were analyzed. We performed reconstructive surgery on great vessels with radical removal of tumors, as well as this is our first experience in prosthetic abdominal part of aorta. Results showed that, according to principles of oncologic surgery resections of major vessels affected by the tumor, by using vascular reconstruction operation can increase the number of organsparing operations in sarcoma patients.

Today sentinel lymph node biopsy in cutaneous melanoma is a standard diagnostic procedure. The factors that have prognostic value for occurrence of micrometastases in regional lymph nodes are tumor thickness by Breslow, ulceration, level of invasion by Clark IV-V, the patient’s age. The presence or absence of metastases in «sentinel» lymph nodes is a significant prognostic factor for patients with primary malignant melanoma of the skin. The need for implementation of regional lymph node dissection in the presence of micrometastases in sentinel lymph nodes remains an open question and requires further investigation.

Background. We analyzed a cytotoxicity of the synthetized compound LCTA1975 on metastatic skin melanoma cell lines compared with different anticancer drugs. Methods. The cytotoxic activity of LCTA1975 and anticancer drugs (Intaxel, cisplatin and doxorubicin) was assessed on 4 metastatic melanoma cell lines by a MTT test. The apoptosis induction and the cell cycle distribution were analyzed on mel Kor cells by How cytometry. The autophagy activation was assessed using an antibody against LC3B autolysosome marker by immunocytochemistry. results. The cytotoxic activity of LCTA1975 was higher for all used melanoma cell lines than cytotoxic activity of other analyzed anticancer drugs. The apoptosis activation was not detected on mel Kor cell line but a significant number of autophagic cells was observed. Conclusion. LCTA1975 is a perspective compound with pronounced cytotoxicity on metastatic skin melanoma cells with chemoresistance.

Joint arthroplasty is one of the most common orthopaedic surgical procedures that bring significant benefit to the patient and improve the life style for younger and more physically active population. Problems associated with joint prostheses include complications, which can be mechanical or biological in etiology. Surgical pathology is useful in investigating wear debris reaction, infection, delayed hypersensitivity reaction and development of an associated sarcoma. Accurate recognition of the morphologic manifestations of these disorders is very important and help to improve treatment and management of these patients.